The Lombard Review

Markets & Finance

Is Japan about to loosen its grip on bonds?

The Bank of Japan remains the world’s last monetary outlier, but its grip on the domestic government bond market is becoming increasingly untenable.

Banks passed the stress test. Now comes the real test

The Federal Reserve’s annual stress tests have evolved into an elaborate regulatory set-piece.

Why British homeowners feel rate rises faster than anyone

The transmission mechanism of monetary policy is rarely uniform across advanced economies, but the United Kingdom offers a case study in acute structural sensitivity.

Britain's mortgage crunch returns

For British mortgage holders, the benign era of negligible debt service has ended with terrifying velocity.

A bull market built on seven stocks

The bull market has officially arrived, at least according to the arbitrary twenty per cent benchmark that equity commentators revere.

The Treasury refills its account, and markets pay

The plumbing of the global financial system is about to experience a high-pressure stress test.

Special Report

Memorial Day: The debt deal is done. Now comes the bill

Political theatre in Washington has concluded with its customary anticlimax, but the financial reckoning is only just entering the order books.

Get ready for a flood of Treasury bills

As Washington negotiators inch toward an inevitable eleventh-hour compromise to suspend the statutory debt ceiling until 2025, wholesale money markets are bracing for the liquidity hangover.

When does America run out of money?

Why regional banks lost a third of their value

The KBW Regional Banking Index (KRE) has suffered an unmitigated structural collapse, plunging by more than 35 per cent since the initial failure of Silicon Valley Bank on 8 March.

Markets start pricing an American default

The United States sovereign credit default swap (CDS) market was long regarded as an academic backwater, an illiquid instrument traded by a handful of quantitative desks to hedge bizarre structural edge cases.

China is spending again. Its property market isn't

The Treasury bills nobody wants to hold

The statutory debt ceiling is approaching its summer resolution, and the front end of the US Treasury curve has developed an unprecedented, pathological distortion.

Watching deposits leave in real time

In normal economic cycles, the Federal Reserve’s weekly H.8 release on commercial bank assets and liabilities is an arcane statistical publication read only by bank equity analysts and money market economists.

First Republic has been rescued. It hasn't been saved

On 16 March, a consortium of eleven of America’s largest commercial banks, orchestrated by JPMorgan Chase and Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, deposited $30 billion of uninsured cash into First Republic Bank.

Savers flee banks for money funds

The banking turmoil of March 2023 unleashed the fastest migration of retail and corporate capital in modern financial history.

Why Credit Suisse bondholders lost everything before shareholders

On Sunday, 19 March, the Swiss authorities detonated a legal and financial shockwave that shattered one of the most sacred doctrines of corporate finance.

Are bank failures doing the Fed's job for it?

As the dust settled on the frantic weekend that dismantled Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank, Federal Reserve policymakers confronted a radically altered macroeconomic calculus ahead of their March FOMC meeting.

The Fed's quiet bailout of banks' bad bond bets

When the Federal Reserve published its weekly H.4.1 balance-sheet release on Thursday, 16 March, the numbers confirmed the staggering scale of the banking system’s emergency triage.

After SVB, the biggest bond rally since 1987

The collapse of Silicon Valley Bank detonated an institutional panic across global capital markets, triggering the most violent flight-to-safety rally in sovereign debt since the Black Monday crash of October 1987.

Explainer

How a bank run happens at the speed of an app

The sudden, cinematic demise of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) will be remembered as the first true bank run of the smartphone era.

America's banks are sitting on $620bn of hidden losses

Could rates really hit 6%?

Only a few short weeks ago, anyone suggesting that the Federal Reserve might push the federal funds rate toward 6.0 per cent would have been dismissed as an alarmist trading outside institutional reality.

Private credit's borrowers are feeling the squeeze

The private debt market spent the past decade marketing itself to institutional allocators as an all-weather paradise of floating-rate yield and superior structural protections.

Special Report

Valentine's Day: Markets still love rate cuts. The Fed doesn't love them back

Financial markets have spent the past eighteen months engaged in an unrequited romance with Federal Reserve rate cuts.

Short-term bonds are having a terrible month

The month of February 2023 will be recorded across fixed-income trading floors as an unmitigated bloodbath for short-term sovereign debt.

Explainer

How the Treasury is quietly pumping cash into markets

Special Report

Lunar New Year: China's reopening lifts the yuan

The Lunar New Year celebration coincided with a dramatic financial renaissance for the Chinese currency.

Banks' easy profits are about to end

The fourth-quarter earnings season for America’s largest commercial banks brought a deluge of record headline profits, powered by an immaculate expansion in net interest income (NII).

Japan spends trillions to defend one number

The Bank of Japan is engaged in one of the most audacious institutional interventions in modern financial history.

Germany's bond shortage is finally easing

For the better part of seven years, the European sovereign repo market was haunted by an artificial pathology: an acute scarcity of German Bunds.

Special Report

New Year's Eve: The year the classic portfolio failed

For four decades, the traditional 60/40 balanced portfolio was the bedrock of institutional asset allocation.

Is the recession alarm broken?

The yield curve is the bond market’s most revered oracle, and throughout late 2022 it has been screaming danger.

Special Report

Christmas: Why markets go quiet — and fragile — at year-end

As the trading year draws to its traditional close, financial markets enter a ritualized phase of quiet that casual observers mistake for tranquility.

The debt bill companies have pushed to 2024

In the high-yield corporate credit market, 2022 will be remembered as the year the primary window slammed shut.

Japan surprises everyone, and bonds everywhere feel it

Haruhiko Kuroda's final months at the helm of the Bank of Japan were supposed to be a quiet exercise in institutional continuity.

The Fed and the market disagree. Someone is wrong

The Federal Open Market Committee raised the benchmark policy rate to a range of 4.25 to 4.50 per cent in December and published a Summary of Economic Projections that penciled in a terminal rate of 5.1 per cent for 2023.

Has the dollar peaked?

The US dollar’s historic surge across 2022 was an immaculate reflection of monetary divergence and terms-of-trade superiority.

Special Report

Black Friday: Shop now, pay later, default sooner

As the holiday shopping season officially launches with the retail ritual of Black Friday, shopping malls and digital storefronts are bustling with promotional activity.

The bond market is screaming recession

For more than four decades, the slope of the US sovereign yield curve has served as the financial markets' most reliable predictive mechanism for the business cycle.

One good inflation report does not make a trend

The release of the October consumer price index on 10 November ignited the most ferocious global asset rally of the year.

FTX spent its customers' money. That was the business

The swift and total collapse of FTX, culminating in its Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing on 11 November, will be recorded as one of the most brazen balance-sheet frauds in modern commercial history.

$2trn is sitting at the Fed doing nothing

Special Report

Halloween: The scariest year for bonds in memory

As financial markets arrive at Halloween, the traditional portfolio allocations constructed over four decades of benign disinflation are nursing losses of historic proportions.

Meta's spending spree just cost it a quarter of its value

There is a specific, cold clarity to corporate earnings reports when the market-clearing multiple on a company’s cash flow collapses in a single overnight session.

Is the world's safest market becoming hard to trade?

When the custodian of the world's pre-eminent risk-free asset publicly voices concern about its day-to-day liquidity, market participants ought to take note.

Special Report

Diwali: India's gold habit is weighing on the rupee

As millions of Indian households celebrate Diwali on 24 October, shopping districts across Mumbai and New Delhi are witnessing the customary festive surge in gold purchases.

Bond investors want to be paid for waiting again

For more than a decade, the international bond market operated under a state of financial repression so profound that investors routinely accepted negative real returns for the privilege of parking capital in sovereign paper.

The Bank of England takes away the safety net

Banks are stuck holding Elon Musk's Twitter debt

When Elon Musk signed a definitive merger agreement to acquire Twitter for $44 billion in April, Wall Street's premier investment banks celebrated what appeared to be the underwriting coup of the year.