The Lombard Review

The yield curve un-inverts. Is that good news?

The Herbert C. Hoover Building, headquarters of the U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington.
The Herbert C. Hoover Building, headquarters of the U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington. Photo: Gunnar Klack/Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0

The US sovereign yield curve staged an important structural milestone on 5 August, as the spread between two-year and ten-year Treasury yields briefly turned positive for the first time since July 2022. The un-inversion of the yield curve is traditionally celebrated by casual commentators as a return to normalcy. Financial history, however, suggests the opposite.

The Japanese yen.
The Japanese yen. Photo: Astelus/Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0

The Bear Steepening Trap

A yield curve un-inversion driven by collapsing short-term yields—known as a 'bull steepening'—is not a sign of economic triumph; it is the classic historical harbinger of imminent recession. The curve un-inverts because markets are violently pricing in panic rate cuts to counter economic deterioration. The danger arrives not when the curve inverts, but when it snaps back to positive slope.

A cooling tower of the Rooppur nuclear power plant.
A cooling tower of the Rooppur nuclear power plant. Photo: মোঃ সাকিবুল হাসান/Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0

The un-inversion of the sovereign yield curve is not an economic all-clear signal, but a reliable historical siren warning that central bank easing is arriving in response to cyclical distress.

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